Joel Spring’s history of school policies imposed on dominated groups in the United States examines the concept of deculturalization—the use of schools to strip away family languages and cultures and replace them with those of the dominant group. The focus is on the education of dominated groups forced to become citizens in territories conquered by the United States including Native Americans African Americans Asian Americans Latino Americans and Hawaiians. In seven concise thought-provoking chapters this analysis and documentation of how education is used to change or eliminate linguistic and cultural traditions in the United States looks at the educational legal and social construction of race and racism in the United States emphasizing the various meanings of equality that have existed from colonial America to the present. Providing a broader perspective for understanding the denial of cultural and linguistic rights in the United States issues of language culture and deculturalization are placed in a global context. Extensively revised throughout to reflect the dramatic national events since the prior edition the Ninth Edition discusses the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement increased educational inequality related to the pandemic concerns about institutional racism and White nationalism disputes about the interpretation of U. S. history and debates over cultural and racial identity. | Deculturalization and the Struggle for Equality A Brief History of the Education of Dominated Cultures in the United States